Recent research has dramatically changed our understanding of Arsinoë IV, Cleopatra’s sister. A skull initially thought to belong to her, discovered in a sarcophagus in Ephesos, Turkey, has now been confirmed to be that of a young boy. The analysis revealed that the boy was likely between 11 and 14 years old at the time of his death and possibly had a developmental disorder.
This intriguing find dates back to 1929 when archaeologist Josef Keil uncovered the sarcophagus at the site of the “Octagon” and subsequently brought the skull to Germany for further study. Keil originally assumed the remains were those of a 20-year-old aristocratic woman. However, in 1982, when additional skeletal remains were located, speculation began that they could indeed belong to Arsinoë IV. Thanks to advancements in technology, the true story has finally come to light.
Utilizing micro-CT imaging and genetic analysis, researchers determined that the skull is from a period between 36 and 205 BCE, which fits within the timeline of Arsinoë IV’s life. The surprising revelation is that the skull belonged to a young boy, identified through the presence of a Y chromosome. Further investigations indicated that he may have suffered from a growth disorder, potentially linked to a vitamin D deficiency or a genetic syndrome.
This new understanding prompts further inquiry into the architectural similarities between the Octagon and structures found in Egypt, as well as the fate of the real Arsinoë IV. The enigma surrounding this ancient burial site continues to captivate historians and archaeologists alike. The findings, detailed in a recent publication in Scientific Reports, not only unveil the identity of an unknown individual but also pave the way for further archaeological discoveries.
